20 Precipitant 1 40 Additive 2 16 Additive 3 15 Precipitant 4 0.1 8 Buffer 6 100 Additive 8 5 Additive 11 40 Precipitant 5 0.1 4.2 Buffer 12 5 Additive 13 200 Precipitant 14 0.1 5.5 Buffer 17 2 Precipitant 15 0.1 5.5 Buffer 18 19 2 Additive 21 0.8 Precipitant 16 0.1 4 Buffer 22 23 2 Precipitant 25 0.1 4.5 Buffer 20 100 Additive 27 5 Additive 28 2 Precipitant 25 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 2 Additive 21 2 Precipitant 25 0.1 5.5 Buffer 18 19 100 Additive 27 5 Additive 21 50 Precipitant 29 0.1 6.5 Buffer 30 31 200 Additive 32 40 Precipitant 33 0.1 6.5 Buffer 30 31 200 Additive 34 30 Precipitant 35 0.1 7 Buffer 36 800 7 Buffer 38 40 Precipitant 21 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 200 Additive 26 50 Precipitant 21 0.1 4.5 Buffer 20 200 Additive 26 15 Precipitant 39 0.1 6.5 Buffer 40 25 Precipitant 43 0.1 5.5 Buffer 44 25 Precipitant 43 0.1 8.5 Buffer 45 25 Precipitant 43 0.1 6.5 Buffer 46 25 Precipitant 43 0.1 9 Buffer 47 25 Precipitant 43 0.1 5 Buffer 48 25 Precipitant 43 0.1 7 Buffer 49 12 Precipitant 43 0.1 5.5 Buffer 18 19 2.5 Additive 9 1.5 Additive 11 2.4 Precipitant 50 30 Precipitant 52 150 Additive 53 10 Precipitant 52 0.1 5.5 Buffer 18 19 200 Additive 14 20 Precipitant 52 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 200 Additive 54 20 Precipitant 55 0.1 6.5 Buffer 56 200 Additive 58 20 Precipitant 55 0.3 4 Buffer 24 20 Precipitant 55 0.1 8.5 Buffer 57 200 Additive 51 20 Precipitant 59 0.1 7 Buffer 36 20 Additive 32 2100 7 Buffer 60 800 Precipitant 2 0.1 7.5 Buffer 37 800 Additive 61 20 Precipitant 62 0.1 6 Buffer 41 42 200 Additive 63 20 Precipitant 62 0.1 7 Buffer 36 200 Additive 10 20 Precipitant 62 0.1 8 Buffer 6 200 Additive 64 20 Precipitant 65 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 100 Additive 66 50 Precipitant 67 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 200 Additive 32 20 Precipitant 3 0.1 6.5 Buffer 68 3 Additive 11 20 Precipitant 3 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 100 Additive 32 20 Additive 21 20 Precipitant 3 0.1 7.5 Buffer 37 200 Additive 14 10 Additive 28 30 Precipitant 11 0.1 4.5 Buffer 20 25 Additive 43 30 Precipitant 11 0.1 6.5 Buffer 68 200 Additive 14 10 Additive 55 30 Precipitant 11 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 0.5 Additive 9 8 Additive 3 40 Precipitant 28 0.1 6.5 Buffer 68 15 Additive 3 30 Precipitant 28 0.1 8.5 Buffer 7 30 Additive 55 17 Precipitant 69 0.1 5.5 Buffer 17 100 Additive 70 15 Precipitant 71 0.1 7 Buffer 36 1 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald Precipitant 56-81-5 Glycerol Glycerol 2 2000 0 2000 mM false Emerald Additive Precipitant 7758-11-4 di-Potassium hydrogen phosphate K2HPO4 3 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald PEG 8000 BCC ~PEG 8000 ~PEG-8000 ~PEG8K ~polyethylene glycol 8K ~~PEG 8,000 ~~PEG 8K ~~polyethylene glycol 8,000 Additive Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 8,000 PEG 8K 4 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald 5 100 0 100 v/v false Hampton Research Precipitant 64-17-5 Ethanol EtOH 6 1 0 1 M 8 true Emerald 6 1 0 1 M 8 true Emerald 7 1 0 1 M 8.5 true Emerald Tris HCl 7 1 0 1 M 8.5 true Emerald Tris HCl TRIS Tris chloride tris chlorides BCC Tris-chloride ~Tris -HCl ~Tris base/HCl ~Tris HCl ~Tris- HCl ~tris-hcl ~tris-hydrochloride ~tris.hcl ~trishcl ~Trizma base ~~tris hydrochloride Buffer 8.1 1185-53-1 tris chloride BCC BCCTris-HCl 8 2500 0 2500 mM false Emerald 9 5 0 5 M false Emerald 10 4000 0 4000 mM false Emerald ~Na chloride ~na-chloride ~salt ~~nacl ~~Sodium Chloride Additive 7647-14-5 Sodium chloride NaCl 11 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald ~(+/-)-2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol Additive Precipitant 107-41-5 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol BCC BCCMPD 12 1 0 1 M 4.2 true Emerald 12 1 0 1 M 4.2 true Emerald Buffer 9.3 0 8.12 0.02 7.71 0.04 7.49 0.06 7.32 0.08 7.16 0.1 7 0.12 6.89 0.14 6.75 0.16 6.62 0.18 6.51 0.2 6.29 0.22 6.16 0.24 5.9 0.26 5.69 0.28 5.48 0.3 5.2 0.32 5 0.34 4.8 0.36 4.62 0.38 4.45 0.4 4.29 0.42 4.12 0.44 4 0.46 3.88 0.48 3.8 0.5 3.61 0.52 3.57 0.54 3.45 0.56 3.4 0.58 3.26 0.6 3.19 0.62 3.12 0.64 3.06 0.66 3.01 0.68 2.98 0.7 2.89 0.72 2.84 0.74 2.79 0.76 2.74 0.78 2.7 0.8 2.65 0.82 2.6 0.84 2.54 0.86 2.46 0.88 2.43 0.9 2.39 0.92 2.33 0.94 2.3 0.96 2.25 0.98 2.2 1 -1 Sodium phosphate citrate Na Phos Cit 13 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald Additive 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 1,000 PEG 1K 14 1000 0 1000 mM false Emerald 15 4 0 4 M false Emerald 16 3.5 0 3.5 M false Emerald ~(NH4)2 sulfate ~A.S. ~am-sulfate ~ammoniium sulphate ~ammonium sulphate ~Ammoniumsulfate ~ammso4 ~AmmSulph ~AmS ~AmSO4 ~AS ~di-Ammonium sulfate ~NH4-sulfate ~spirit of hartshorn vitriolate Additive Precipitant 7783-20-2 Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 17 1 0 1 M 5.5 true Emerald 17 1 0 1 M 5.5 true Emerald bis-tris buffer BCC ~bis tris chloride ~bis-tris chloride Buffer 6.5 6976-37-0 BIS-TRIS BIS-TRIS 18 3 0 3 M 3.6 true Emerald 19 3 0 3 M 5.6 true Emerald 20 3 0 3 M 4.5 true Emerald 20 3 0 3 M 4.5 true Emerald sodium acetate buffer BCC ~acetic acid-sodium acetate ~NaAc/acetic acid ~Sodium Acetate / Acetic Acid ~Sodium Acetate-Acetic Acid Buffer 4.8 127-09-3 Sodium acetate Na Acet 21 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald PEG 400 BCC ~PEG-400 ~~PEG 400 Additive Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 400 PEG 400 22 1.6 0 1.6 M 3 true Emerald 23 1.6 0 1.6 M 6.5 true Emerald 24 1 0 1 M 4 true Emerald Citric acid, titrated with NaOH 24 1 0 1 M 4 true Emerald Citric acid, titrated with NaOH trisodium citrate buffer BCC ~citric acid sodium citrate ~citric acid-sodium citrate ~Na3 citrate/citric acid ~Sodium Citrate / Citric Acid ~tri-sodium citrate - citric acid ~trisodium Citrate-Citric Acid Buffer 8.1 0 6.68 0.02 6.39 0.04 6.2 0.06 6.06 0.08 5.98 0.1 5.9 0.12 5.82 0.14 5.71 0.16 5.62 0.18 5.55 0.2 5.45 0.22 5.36 0.24 5.28 0.26 5.21 0.28 5.09 0.3 5.02 0.32 4.96 0.34 4.88 0.36 4.81 0.38 4.72 0.4 4.62 0.42 4.55 0.44 4.45 0.46 4.39 0.48 4.32 0.5 4.22 0.52 4.14 0.54 4.08 0.56 4 0.58 3.9 0.6 3.81 0.62 3.74 0.64 3.64 0.66 3.57 0.68 3.51 0.7 3.39 0.72 3.32 0.74 3.27 0.76 3.18 0.78 3.11 0.8 3.04 0.82 2.96 0.84 2.9 0.86 2.83 0.88 2.72 0.9 2.64 0.92 2.55 0.94 2.46 0.96 2.42 0.98 2.3 1 68-04-2 77-92-9 tri-Sodium citrate Na3 Cit 25 5 0 5 M false Emerald 26 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive Precipitant 10377-48-7 Lithium sulfate LiSO4 27 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive 7487-88-9 Magnesium sulfate MgSO4 28 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald Additive Precipitant 67-63-0 2-Propanol 2-PropOH 29 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 200 PEG 200 30 1 0 1 M 5 true Emerald 31 1 0 1 M 7.4 true Emerald ~cacodylate ~na cacodylate ~Na Cacodylate/HCl ~Na-cacodylate ~sodium dimethyl arsonide Buffer 6.2 124-65-2 Sodium cacodylate Na Cacod 32 500 0 500 mM false Emerald ~Magnesium Chloride ~Mg Chloride ~mg-chloride ~~Magnesium Chloride ~~Magnesium chloride hexahydrate ~~MgCl2 Additive 7786-30-3 Magnesium chloride MgCl2 33 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 300 PEG 300 34 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive 62-54-4 Calcium acetate Ca Acet 35 50 0 50 v/v 7 false Emerald O-(2-Aminopropyl)-O'-(2-methoxyethyl)polypropylene Polypropylene glycol 500 mono-2-aminoethyl mono-2- Precipitant 77110-54-4 Jeffamine® M-600 Jeff M-600 36 1 0 1 M 7 true Emerald 36 1 0 1 M 7 true Emerald 37 1 0 1 M 7.5 true Emerald pH has been adjusted to 7.5 using NaOH 37 1 0 1 M 7.5 true Emerald pH has been adjusted to 7.5 using NaOH HEPES BCC ~HEPES - Na ~HEPES - Sodium ~HEPES sodium ~HEPES sodium salt ~HEPES-na ~HEPES-NaOH ~HEPES/NaOH ~Na HEPES ~na-HEPES Buffer 7.5 75277-39-3 HEPES HEPES 38 1000 0 1000 mM 7 true Emerald 38 1000 0 1000 mM 7 true Emerald butanedioic acid BCC Buffer 5.6 110-15-6 di-Sodium succinate Na2 Succ 39 50 0 50 v/v false Emerald PEG MME 550 BCC Precipitant 9004-74-4 Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 550 PEG MME 550 40 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald 40 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald 41 0.5 0 0.5 M 5.2 true Emerald 42 0.5 0 0.5 M 7.1 true Emerald MES BCC ~MES sodium salt ~MES-NaOH ~MES/NaOH ~Na MES ~NaMES ~sodium MES Buffer 6.1 71119-23-8 MES MES 43 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald Additive Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 1,500 PEG 1500 44 1 0 1 M 5.5 true Emerald SPG buffer is produced by mixing succinic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and glycine in the molar ratios 2:7:7 – succinic acid:sodium dihydrogen phosphate:glycine.* The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions 44 1 0 1 M 5.5 true Emerald SPG buffer is produced by mixing succinic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and glycine in the molar ratios 2:7:7 – succinic acid:sodium dihydrogen phosphate:glycine.* The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions 45 1 0 1 M 8.5 true Emerald SPG buffer is produced by mixing succinic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and glycine in the molar ratios 2:7:7 – succinic acid:sodium dihydrogen phosphate:glycine.* The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions 45 1 0 1 M 8.5 true Emerald SPG buffer is produced by mixing succinic acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and glycine in the molar ratios 2:7:7 – succinic acid:sodium dihydrogen phosphate:glycine.* The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions Buffer 10 0.0196078 4 0.909091 110-15-6 56-40-6 7558-80-7 SPG buffer SPG 46 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald MMT buffer is produced by mixing DL-malic acid, MES and Tris base in the molar ratios 1:2:2 – DL-malic acid:MES:Tris base.* Varying the amount of NaOH or HCl added, enables buffering over a pH range from 4–9. The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions. 46 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald MMT buffer is produced by mixing DL-malic acid, MES and Tris base in the molar ratios 1:2:2 – DL-malic acid:MES:Tris base.* Varying the amount of NaOH or HCl added, enables buffering over a pH range from 4–9. The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions. 47 1 0 1 M 9 true Emerald MMT buffer is produced by mixing DL-malic acid, MES and Tris base in the molar ratios 1:2:2 – DL-malic acid:MES:Tris base.* Varying the amount of NaOH or HCl added, enables buffering over a pH range from 4–9. The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions. 47 1 0 1 M 9 true Emerald MMT buffer is produced by mixing DL-malic acid, MES and Tris base in the molar ratios 1:2:2 – DL-malic acid:MES:Tris base.* Varying the amount of NaOH or HCl added, enables buffering over a pH range from 4–9. The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions. Buffer 9 0.0196078 4 0.909091 4432-31-9 617-48-1 77-86-1 MMT buffer MMT 48 1 0 1 M 5 true Emerald MIB buffer is produced by mixing sodium malonate, imidazole, and boric acid in the molar ratios 2:3:3 – sodium malonate:imidazole:boric acid.* The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions 48 1 0 1 M 5 true Emerald MIB buffer is produced by mixing sodium malonate, imidazole, and boric acid in the molar ratios 2:3:3 – sodium malonate:imidazole:boric acid.* The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions Buffer 10 0.0196078 4 0.909091 10043-35-3 141-82-2 288-32-4 MIB buffer MIB 49 1 0 1 M 7 true Emerald PCB buffer is produced by mixing sodium propionate, sodium cacodylate, and BIS-TRIS propane in the molar ratios 2:1:2 – sodium propionate, sodium cacodylate, and BIS-TRIS propane.* Varying the amount of HCl added enables buffering over a pH range from 4–9. The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions. 49 1 0 1 M 7 true Emerald PCB buffer is produced by mixing sodium propionate, sodium cacodylate, and BIS-TRIS propane in the molar ratios 2:1:2 – sodium propionate, sodium cacodylate, and BIS-TRIS propane.* Varying the amount of HCl added enables buffering over a pH range from 4–9. The three chemicals have three different buffering curves and their ratios have been selected to keep pH variation almost linear. The desired pH is obtained by mixing high- and low-pH stock solutions. Buffer 10 0.00990099 4 0.909091 124-65-2 137-40-6 64431-96-5 PCB buffer PCB 50 3 0 3 M false Emerald 51 3000 0 3000 mM false Emerald disodium malonate buffer BCC disodium malonate salt BCC ~malonic acid-sodium malonate ~sodium malonate-malonic acid Additive Precipitant di-Sodium malonate Na2 Malon 52 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald PEG MME 2000 BCC Precipitant 9004-74-4 Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether 2,000 PEG MME 2K 53 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive 7758-02-3 Potassium bromide KBr 54 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive 1184-78-7 Trimethylamine N-oxide TMANO 55 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald Additive Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 3,350 PEG 3350 56 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald 56 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald 57 1 0 1 M 8.5 true Emerald 57 1 0 1 M 8.5 true Emerald 1,3-Bis[tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamino]propane Buffer 6.8 64431-96-5 BIS-TRIS propane BIS-TRIS prop 58 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive 7681-49-4 Sodium fluoride NaF 59 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald C3polyacrylic acid 5100 sodium salt Poly(sodium acrylate) Polyacrylic acid 5100 Sodium polyacrylate Precipitant 9003-01-4 9003-04-7 Poly(acrylic acid sodium salt) 5,100 PAA 5100 60 2500 0 2500 mM 7 true Emerald 60 2500 0 2500 mM 7 true Emerald Buffer 10.16 0.332477 6.98 0.33303 6.6 0.333585 6.4 0.334142 6.25 0.3347 6.16 0.335261 6.08 0.335823 6.03 0.336387 5.95 0.336953 5.88 0.337521 5.82 0.338091 5.79 0.338663 5.75 0.339237 5.67 0.34039 5.6 0.341552 5.55 0.342721 5.5 0.343898 5.45 0.345084 5.4 0.346277 5.36 0.347479 5.29 0.349908 5.22 0.352371 5.17 0.354869 5.12 0.357403 5.05 0.360622 4.99 0.363899 4.94 0.367236 4.89 0.370635 4.84 0.374097 4.79 0.377625 4.75 0.38122 4.71 0.384884 4.67 0.388619 4.62 0.392427 4.58 0.396311 4.55 0.400272 4.51 0.404313 4.48 0.408437 4.44 0.412646 4.4 0.416942 4.36 0.421329 4.32 0.425809 4.29 0.430385 4.26 0.435061 4.22 0.43984 4.18 0.444724 4.15 0.449719 4.11 0.454826 4.05 0.463245 3.99 0.47198 3.93 0.481052 3.87 0.490479 3.82 0.500283 3.76 0.510487 3.71 0.521116 3.65 0.532197 3.59 0.543759 3.53 0.555835 3.5 0.563659 3.46 0.571706 3.42 0.579986 3.39 0.58851 3.35 0.597287 3.31 0.606331 3.27 0.615653 3.24 0.625265 3.2 0.635183 3.17 0.645421 3.13 0.655993 3.09 0.666918 3.05 0.678213 3.01 0.689898 2.97 0.701991 2.92 0.714517 2.88 0.727497 2.84 0.740958 2.79 0.754927 2.74 0.769432 2.7 0.781444 2.66 0.793836 2.61 0.806628 2.56 0.81984 2.51 0.833491 2.46 0.847604 2.4 0.862204 2.37 0.869694 2.34 0.877315 2.31 0.885071 2.27 0.892965 2.23 0.901002 2.19 0.909184 6915-15-7 di-Sodium DL-malate Na2 Mal (DL) 61 2000 0 2000 mM false Emerald Additive 7558-80-7 Sodium di-hydrogen phosphate NaH2PO4 62 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald PEG 6000 BCC ~PEG 6,000 ~PEG 6000 ~PEG-6000 ~PEG6K ~polyethylene glycol 6K ~~PEG 6K ~~polyethylene glycol 6,000 Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 6,000 PEG 6K 63 500 0 500 mM false Emerald Additive 12125-02-9 Ammonium chloride NH4Cl 64 500 0 500 mM false Emerald ~Li Chloride ~~licl Additive 7447-41-8 Lithium chloride LiCl 65 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald Precipitant 9003-39-8 Polyvinylpyrrolidone K15 PVP K15 66 300 0 300 mM false Emerald C3cobalt chloride Cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate Cobaltous chloride hexahydrate Additive 7646-79-9 7791-13-1 Cobalt (II) chloride CoCl2 67 100 0 100 v/v false Emerald Precipitant 107-21-1 Ethylene glycol EG 68 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald pH has been adjusted to 6.5 at 25 degrees Celsius using HCl 68 1 0 1 M 6.5 true Emerald pH has been adjusted to 6.5 at 25 degrees Celsius using HCl Buffer 7 288-32-4 Imidazole Imidazole 69 50 0 50 w/v false Emerald Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 10,000 PEG 10K 70 300 0 300 mM false Emerald Additive 631-61-8 Ammonium acetate NH4 Acet 71 30 0 30 w/v false Emerald Precipitant 25322-68-3 Polyethylene glycol 20,000 PEG 20K